The National Science Assessment measures the current scientific literacy proficiency level of students rather than whether or not the student meets an agreed benchmark as per the Year 3 and Year 5 reading, writing and numeracy benchmarks. The second National Science Assessment report presents the scientific literacy proficiency levels and the mean scientific literacy score of Victorian female Year 6 students. Results are compared to the first assessment from 2003. The report also includes scientific literacy proficiency level and mean scientific literacy score at a national level for Indigenous students and students who speak a language other than English at home.